Machinery vibration is one of the main causes of damage and failures in industrial plants, and reciprocating compressors are particularly subject to vibration-related phenomena as alternating forces and pressure pulsations are inherent in their design. Vibration problems may also arise after a machine is installed and is set in operation due to inadequate attention to interaction between the compressor and plant as a whole during the design stage. This paper will examine a case that occurred in a polyethylene plant located in Ragusa, Italy, where high vibration issues resulted in broken pipes and welding failures.